Contents:
5.a Alphabet5.b Verbs
5.c Nouns & Adjectives
5.d Sentences
5.a: Alphabet
There we go with two more consonants:- כ - can be either k, just as ק, or kh, just as ח (and not h as ה). We'll learn today how to tell each time which one.
Besides, it has a special ending-form: ך
- ו - w, as in 'wall'. We already met this letter as an auxiliary for the 'o' and 'u' sounds, but on some circumstances it can also be a 'w' consonant in its own right (coming without the dot). When ו stands for w, it's sometimes written double: וו. Most importantly, the hebrew word for 'and' is וֵ ('we'), which, being of one letter, is attached to the following word. For example:
יֵלֵד וֵיֵלדַה – yeled veyelda – boy and girl
Now let's read and then listen:
חַנוּכַה | listen |
רַווַק | listen |
מַכִיר | listen |
חַווַה | listen |
כִיכַר | listen |
וֵרֵד | listen |
רַך | listen |
Remember, we had 3 letters – ב, כ, פ – that could represent different sounds? There are the following rules of thumb:
When the consonant has a vowel before it, usually:
- ב is pronounced 'v' (as in אַהַבַה - ahava)
- כ is pronounced 'kh'
- פ is pronounced 'f' (as in סֵפֵר - sefer)
- ב is pronounced 'b' (as in בַית - bayt)
- כ is pronounced 'k'
- פ is pronounced 'p' (as in פוֹתחִים - potkhim)
5.b Verbs
Let's have 3 more verbs:
- the root מכר (m.kh.r.) means 'sell'
- the root זכר (z.kh.r.) means 'remember' (that's the origin of Zacharia, Zac)
- the root אכל (!.kh.l.) means 'eat'
And the last pronoun!
אַנַחנוּ - anakhnu – we
We'll get done now with past forms, demonstrating it on the verb זכר. Only 2 remain:
- אַנִי זַכַרתִי – ani zakharti – i remembered (no matter what's the gender)
- אַנַחנוּ זַכַרנוּ – anakhnu zakharnu – we remembered (no matter what's the gender)
To get used, read aloud, translate and then listen:
אַנִי לַבַשתִי בֵגֵד יַרוֹק | listen |
אַנַחנוּ מַכַרנוּ הַרבֵה דַגִים אֵתמוֹל | listen |
אַנִי זַכַרתִי שֵהַיוֹם אַנִי לוֹמֵד | listen |
אַנַחנוּ אַכַלנוּ מַנַה מַתוֹקַה בֵשַבַת | listen |
Great, now let's add two more verbs to practice with:
- the root כתב (k.t.v.) means 'write'
- the root הלכ (h.l.kh.) means 'go'
Practice time! Write in hebrew and check your pronunciation:
Boys, you went to school today? No, we sat in home. | יֵלַדִים, אַתֵם הַלַכתֵם לֵבֵית סֵפֵר הַיוֹם? לא, אַנַחנוּ יַשַבנוּ בֵבַית | listen |
You (fem.) wrote to Dan yesterday? No, not yesterday, but I wrote in this week. | אַת כַתַבת לֵדַן אֵתמוֹל? לא, לא אֵתמוֹל, אַבַל אַנִי כַתַבתִי הַשַבוּעַ. | listen |
I (masc.) remember that I ate fish (sing.) yesterday, but I don't remember who sold this fish. | אַנִי זוֹכֵר שֵאַכַלתִי דַג אֵתמוֹל, אַבַל אַנִי לא זוֹכֵר מִי מַכַר דַג זֵה. | listen |
Dina said that she went to school of son of Adam. | דִינַה אַמרַה שֵהִיא הַלכַה לֵבֵית סֵפֵר שֵל בֵן שֵל אַדַם | listen |
Dan, the son, says that she and he went to sea and ate red fish (plural). | דַן, הַבֵן, אמַר שֵהִיא וֵהוּא הַלכוּ לֵיַם וֵאַכלוּ דַגִים אַדוֹמִים | listen |
We wrote today less than yesterday, but we learned more. | אַנַחנוּ כַתַבנוּ הַיוֹם פַחוֹת מֵאֵתמוֹל, אַבַל אַנַחנוּ לַמַדנוּ יוֹתֵר? | listen |
5.c Nouns & Adjectives
We need more adjectives (again – note the common pattern, this time it's XaXaX):
חַזַק | khazak | strong | listen |
חַלַש | khalash | weak | listen |
חַדַש | khadash | new | listen |
יַשַן | yashan | old | listen |
לַבַן | lavan | white | listen |
We compared adjectives last lesson, so let's learn one more way to do so:
כמוֹ – kmo – as, like - listen
For example:
אַנִי חַזַק כמוֹ דַן, אַַבַל אַדַם יוֹתֵר חַזַק – ani khazak kmo dan, aval adam yoter khazak – I'm (as) strong as Dan, but Adam is stronger
Great, we've done that, and today we start learning a new subject – numbers.
Numbers in hebrew precede nouns, as in english (three cats). Numbers have different forms for masculine and feminine, for the time being we'll only learn the feminine form. Besides, when numbers are used without nouns, (such as quoting phone number), it's always in feminine form. So:
- 2 - שתַיִם - shtaim - listen
- 3 - שַלוֹש - shalosh - listen
- 5 - חַמֵש - khamesh - listen
- 6 - שֵש - shesh - listen
And of course, we need nouns:
כַדוּר | (m.) | kadur | ball | listen |
כִיתַה | (f.) | kita | class, classroom | listen |
גלִידַה | (f.) | glida | ice-cream | listen |
כֵלֵב | (m.) | kelev* | (male) dog | listen |
Exercise – write in hebrew, pronounce and compare to the recorded version (note - some nouns below are masculin and we're using feminine form for numbers. it's not very nice of us, but we'll get over it in a couple of lessons):
Three big classrooms. | שַלוֹש כִיתוֹת גדוֹלוֹת | listen |
Five white balls | חַמֵש כַדוּרִים לַבַנִים | listen |
Six strong dogs. | שֵש כלַבִים חַזַקִים | listen |
Cat is weaker than dog. | חַתוּל יוֹתֵר חַלַש מֵכֵלֵב | listen |
Three balls of ice-cream. | שַלוֹש כַדוּרִים שֵל גלִידַה | listen |
Two new classrooms. | שתֵי כִיתוֹת חַדַשוֹת | listen |
Pronounce, without writing (and check yourself), the following numbers (digit by digit):
325 | listen |
623 | listen |
532 | listen |
2533 | listen |
6225 | listen |
5.d Sentences
Another wh-question:
אֵיפה – eyfo - where? (indicating location, not direction; note the difference with לֵאַן). Again, we won't explain at the moment where the 'o' sound comes from. Trust us..
By the way, from that you can construct: מֵאֵיפה – meeyfo – where from?
Two typical answers for the question are:
And the last word for today, it's been a long one, is:
כִי - (m.) - ki - because. listen
Now, final exercise of the lesson – write the sentences in hebrew:
The new garden (is) less big than the old garden. | הַגַן הַחַדַש פַחוֹת גַדוֹל מֵהַגַן הַיַשַן | listen |
This stage, here, (is) closer than the stage there. | בַמַה זאת, כַאן, יוֹתֵר קרוֹבַה מֵהַבַמַה שַם | listen |
We went to three countries in this month, and to six countries in that year. | אַנַחנוּ הַלַכנוּ לֵשַלוֹש מֵדִינוֹת בֵחוֹדֵש זֵה, וֵלֵשֵש מֵדִינוֹת בֵשַנַה זאת | listen |
Boys and girls, why you ate 6 ice-creams?? No, we ate 5! | יֵלַדִים וֵיֵלַדוֹת, לַמַה אַכַלתֵם שֵש גלִידוֹת?? לא, אַכַלנוּ חַמֵש! | listen |
This (is) (a) (male) cat, and this (is) (a) (female) cat. They (are) weak because they ran away from the house. | זֵה חַתוּל, וֵזאת חַתוּלַה. הֵם חַלַשִים כִי הֵם בַרחוּ מֵהַבַית | listen |
In room of Dan (are) 3 balls, that (is) 2 less than the room of Adam. | בֵחֵדֵר שֵל דַן שַלוֹש כַדוּרִים, זֵה שתַיִם פַחוֹת מֵהַחֵדֵר שֵל אַדַם | listen |
Boy that eats many fish (plural) (is) stronger than boy that eats less. | יֵלֵד שֵאוֹכֵל הַרבֵה דַגִים יוֹתֵר חַזַק מֵיֵלֵד שֵאוֹכֵל פַחוֹת | listen |
He worries and thinks that she cheated (on) in Dan, but no – she loves Dan, they (are) friends (meaning 'couple' in the context). | הוּא דוֹאֵג וֵחוֹשֵב שֵהִיא בוֹגֵדֵת בֵדַן, אַבַל לא - הִיא אוֹהֵבֵת דַן, הֵם חַבֵרִים | listen |
I dreamed that I fell in red sea. I think that this (is) because I don't like sea – I (am) much more weak than sea.. | אַנִי חַלַמתִי שֵאַנִי נַפַלתִי לֵיַם אַדוֹם. אַנִי חוֹשֵב שֵזֵה כִי אַנִי לא אוֹהֵב יַם - אַנִי הַרבֵה יוֹתֵר חַלַש מֵיַם.. | listen |
Many boys and girls love ice-cream, and less love fish (plural). | הַרבֵה יֵלַדִים וֵיֵלַדוֹת אוֹהֵבִים גלִידַה, וֵפַחוֹת אוֹהֵבִים דַגִים | listen |
From where to where (did) you (masc.) go?? I went from Madrid to Barcelona because I thought that I (am) strong as superman, but no – I am weak.. | מֵאֵיפה לֵאַן אַתַה הַלַכתַ?? אַנִי הַלַכתִי מֵמַדרִיד לֵבַרסֵלוֹנַה כִי חַשַבתִי שֵאַנִי חַזַק כמוֹ סוּפֵרמֵן, אַבַל לא - אַנִי חַלַש.." | listen |
(Do) you think that zebra (is) more white than black? No! I think that zebra (is) less white than black! | אַתַה חוֹשֵב שֵזֵברַה יוֹתֵר לַבַנַה מֵשחוֹרַה? לא! אַנִי חושֵב שֵהִיא פַחוֹת לַבַנַה מֵשחוֹרַה! | listen |
In this ice-cream (are) 3 balls: white, red and green. She (is) very sweet (Note – there's no 'it' in hebrew, so non-humans are also referred by 'he/she'). | בֵגלִידַה זאת שַלוֹש כַדוּרִים: לַבַן, אַדוֹם וֵשַחוֹר. הִיא מֵאוֹד מַתוֹקַה | listen |
In the sentence "you wrote to Dan yesterday..." you use the word week without first introducing it. There was also a new letter that hadn't been introduced yet.
ReplyDeleteThe swedish fan.
in the last example:..... ... lavan,adom veshakor?.. it should be "yarok" not "shakor", right?
ReplyDeletegreat lessons why did you stop? =(
This is a great tutorial and I am really benefiting, in English we do not say "Boy that eats fish@ you have to say "A boy that eats fish" it uses the indefinite article which does not exist in Hebrew
ReplyDeleteOk, this time it took me about 3 hours to learn everything. It gets harder with every lesson hence more challeging and interesting :) Thank you!
ReplyDeleteI want to add that the letter "ב" has to have a dot inside it ("בּ") to sound like "B", because without the dot it will sound like "V".
ReplyDeleteSame for the letter "כ":
"כּ" = K
"כ" = KH
Does it always have to be like that?
DeleteNo modern hebrew doesn't use dots (nikkud) very often so you have to know, if at the start of a word, it is always pronounced hard 'b' as in the middle of a word or syllable, 'v' at the end of a word always 'v'
DeleteSame goes for the other letters כ פ
I love the lessons, thank you soooo much.
ReplyDeleteShalom,
ReplyDeleteIfeel really to make progression, since I've found Your course!
Thank You so much!
the ice cream is black, not green.. I think :-)
ReplyDeleteI have a question forpast tense, when the persons gender is not clear as in "i dont remember who sold fish" do we use XaXaX pattern like in example? Ani lo zokher mi MAKHAR dag ze??
ReplyDeleteDoes anyone knows what is the idfference between hine and khan, bothmean here as far as it is explained
ReplyDeleteI think הינה is used more to present something as in "הינה הדג" "Here's the fish" (Вот рыба). Whereas כאן is more to locate something "הדג כאן" "the fish is here" (рыба здесь), please correct me if im wrong.
DeleteThank you very much! This Course is so helpful and quite challenging, but on a comfortable level.
ReplyDeleteThanks so much for these lessons! I really appreciate the variety of ways you present information so that it is interactive.
ReplyDeleteA struggle for me: The speakers sometimes go too fast for me. I understand that I need to speed up. So I try over and over to speak with them and the few times when I can, it feels like a big success. On this lesson, though, some phrases went by so fast that, to my slow ears, they sounded like a blur looks. Great speakers, but at only lesson five, my ears are still walking, not running :-).
Again, thanks.
Still a beginner here,
Linda
Thank you. Good good job! So useful till now. xoxo
ReplyDeleteHi - just wondering why "she cheated" is "HI BOGDET" (present tense) not past tense "HI BAGDAH?"
ReplyDeleteThanks again for the lessons they are fantastic.
Thanks................. a lot...
ReplyDeletethanks for this course..
ReplyDeleteAbout the letters, you tell whether it is B/V, K/KH, P/F by using a dagesh. For instance:
ReplyDeleteבּ-B
ב-V
כּ-K
כ-KH
פּ-P
פ-F
And also:
שׁש-SH
שׂ-S
“ו” does not sound like "w", you can't make that sound in Hebrew. It sounds like "v", just like "ב".
ReplyDeleteHey guys! Since this blog is kinda dead, I tried to make at least this online course on Memrise, making lessons with the vocabulary and some drills using conjugated verb forms.
ReplyDeleteCheck it out, especially if you have trouble like me quickly remembering the vocab and conjugating verbs: http://www.memrise.com/course/375474/learn-hebrew-easily-blogspot-courses-vocab/
why cant i hear the sounds
ReplyDeleteThe last sentence to be translated. In english it says green and in hebrew it says black(שחור).
ReplyDeletedoing it for the second time, and the result is amazing. Now ready for new verbs and nouns :-)
ReplyDeleteNow I even know why you say "liftoakh" but "poteakh", and "lewaker" but "biker" - I love your site, for now I'm learning with a book, but I often come to see how verbs are conjugated in the past (with punctuation!) and take a little journey here - your site is really unique, very helpful and a real treasure! Thank you so much!
ReplyDeleteGreat site - you hit the spot in terms of mixing vocab and grammar in an understandable yet stimulating way that makes it easy to INTERNALIZE.
ReplyDeletepandora
ReplyDeletemichael kors uk
polo ralph lauren outlet
christian louboutin shoes
true religion
chaussure louboutin
nike air max
converse shoes
hollister clothing
ugg boots
20170114
Really Great work Man, Thanks for your articles, this saved me a lot of time. All of the posts on your blog are having informative and valuable content. I appreciate your efforts.
ReplyDeleteI would like to offer a great topic for you. Once check it for valuable information.
Forex
Forex
Currency Trading
Currency Trading
Currency Trading
Great Information! Its looking Nice.Useful for me to develop my knowledge. Thank you!
ReplyDeleteYou can invest in stocks yourself by buying individual Stocks & Shares or mutual funds,IPOs, or get help investing in stocks by Visit stockinvestor.in
Stock Trading
Equity Trading
Demat Account
Share Trading
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeletePage d'accueil dolabuy ysl étudiez ce site sacs de répliques de Chine voir ceci répliques de sacs 7a en gros
ReplyDelete